{"id":4228,"date":"2020-09-06T21:15:19","date_gmt":"2020-09-06T19:15:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/strelnicasnv.sk\/?p=4228"},"modified":"2020-09-06T21:16:18","modified_gmt":"2020-09-06T19:16:18","slug":"zakaz-oloveneho-streliva-na-mokradech-v-cem-je-navrh-evropske-komise-tak-problematicky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/strelnicasnv.sk\/?p=4228","title":{"rendered":"Z\u00e1kaz olov\u011bn\u00e9ho st\u0159eliva na mok\u0159adech: v \u010dem je n\u00e1vrh Evropsk\u00e9 komise tak problematick\u00fd?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>T\u0159iadvacet \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f EU ji\u017e zavedlo z\u00e1kaz pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed olov\u011bn\u00fdch brok\u016f p\u0159i lovu na mok\u0159adech. Posledn\u00edch p\u011bt let prob\u00edhaly legislativn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce na n\u00e1vrhu takov\u00e9ho omezen\u00ed v cel\u00e9 EU.\u00a0Evropsk\u00e1 agentura pro chemick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky (ECHA) p\u0159edlo\u017eila jeho mo\u017enou podobu, ale probl\u00e9my nastaly ve chv\u00edli, kdy Evropsk\u00e1 komise za\u010dala tyto n\u00e1vrhy p\u0159edkl\u00e1dat k projedn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdboru pro registraci, hodnocen\u00ed, povolov\u00e1n\u00ed a regulaci chemick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek (REACH).<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed p\u0159ekvapen\u00edm, \u017ee Komise pro tyto n\u00e1vrhy nez\u00edskala pot\u0159ebnou podporu \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f a musela v nich \u010dinit zm\u011bny. Ty v\u0161ak nebyly dostate\u010dn\u00e9, aby \u0159e\u0161ily n\u011bkolik z\u00e1sadn\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f. Sou\u010dasn\u00fd n\u00e1vrh je nefunk\u010dn\u00ed a zjevn\u011b protiz\u00e1konn\u00fd, Komise si v\u0161ak i p\u0159esto 24. \u010dervna vy\u017e\u00e1dala koresponden\u010dn\u00ed hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed. \u010clensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty maj\u00ed do 15. \u010dervence vyj\u00e1d\u0159it sv\u00e9 stanovisko (pro, proti nebo zdr\u017een\u00ed se)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Diskriminace p\u0159ehozen\u00edm d\u016fkazn\u00edho b\u0159emena na podez\u0159el\u00e9ho<\/h5>\n

Takov\u00fd n\u00e1vrh tu je\u0161t\u011b nebyl. Podle n\u011bj maj\u00ed lovci, kte\u0159\u00ed u sebe maj\u00ed n\u00e1boje s olov\u011bn\u00fdmi broky, dokazovat svou nevinu, i kdy\u017e se t\u0159eba zrovna vracej\u00ed dom\u016f z lovu a v mok\u0159adu v\u016fbec nejsou. Preambule n\u00e1vrhu Evropsk\u00e9 komise hovo\u0159\u00ed o \u201ep\u0159isti\u017een\u00ed lovc\u016f p\u0159i \u010dinu\u201c, co\u017e je sotva p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00fd v\u00fdraz pro legislativn\u00ed n\u00e1vrh.<\/p>\n

Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b m\u00e1 n\u00e1vrh Komise ustanovit takov\u00fdto pr\u00e1vn\u00ed p\u0159edpoklad: pokud je lovec p\u0159i cest\u011b do honitby nebo z honitby kontrolov\u00e1n policistou, mus\u00ed lovec dolo\u017eit, \u017ee byl lovit jinde ne\u017e na mok\u0159adu. Zapomn\u011bla snad Komise na presumpci neviny, kter\u00e1 je v evropsk\u00e9m pr\u00e1vu extr\u00e9mn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm principem, a ve v\u0161ech \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1tech je pova\u017eov\u00e1na za jeden ze znak\u016f pr\u00e1vn\u00edho st\u00e1tu?\u00a0\u00a0 Presumpce neviny v z\u00e1sad\u011b vy\u017eaduje od ob\u017ealoby, aby prok\u00e1zala sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dinu a poru\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1kona. N\u00e1vrh Komise je tak v z\u00e1sadn\u00edm rozporu se z\u00e1kladn\u00edmi principy evropsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va.<\/p>\n

Neudr\u017eiteln\u00e1 definice mok\u0159ad\u016f a ochrann\u00fdch p\u00e1sem<\/h5>\n

Komise navrhuje doslova p\u0159evz\u00edt definici mok\u0159ad\u016f podle Ramsarsk\u00e9 \u00famluvy (bez konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho v\u00fd\u010dtu lokac\u00ed, na rozd\u00edl od Ramsarsk\u00e9 \u00famluvy), kter\u00e1 roz\u0161i\u0159uje jej\u00ed p\u016fsobnost na rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 \u00fazem\u00ed bez viditeln\u00e9 vody zejm\u00e9na t\u00edm, \u017ee obsahuje tak\u00e9 ve\u0161ker\u00e1 ra\u0161elini\u0161t\u011b, v\u010detn\u011b ra\u0161elini\u0161\u0165 bez viditeln\u00e9 vody. Takov\u00e1 definice je velmi nejasn\u00e1 pro lovce i policisty \u2013 ti maj\u00ed v praxi posoudit, co je ra\u0161elini\u0161t\u011b (m\u016f\u017ee to b\u00fdt i jinak such\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st lesa), a zji\u0161\u0165ovat, kde se takov\u00e1 ra\u0161elini\u0161t\u011b a vodn\u00ed t\u011blesa v honitb\u011b nach\u00e1zej\u00ed. Situace je je\u0161t\u011b slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee definice v Ramsarsk\u00e9 \u00famluv\u011b zahrnuje ve\u0161ker\u00e1 vodn\u00ed t\u011blesa bez ohledu na velikost, trval\u00e1 i do\u010dasn\u00e1, tedy i metrovou kalu\u017e, kter\u00e1 se po de\u0161ti objev\u00ed na jinak such\u00e9m poli. Takov\u00e1 definice je dohromady se stometrov\u00fdm ochrann\u00fdm p\u00e1smem naprosto matouc\u00ed a zp\u016fsob\u00ed, \u017ee mok\u0159ady \u2013 ve smyslu navrhovan\u00e9 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed definice \u2013 budou pohybliv\u00e1 \u00fazem\u00ed, jejich\u017e poloha se bude m\u011bnit podle toho, jak\u00e9 je zrovna po\u010das\u00ed. Takov\u00e9 podm\u00ednky je v praxi t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nemo\u017en\u00e9 dodr\u017eovat, leda\u017ee by \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty vynalo\u017eily obrovsk\u00e9 n\u00e1klady na pro\u0161kolen\u00ed policist\u016f i lovc\u016f, aby se stali odborn\u00edky na ur\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed a mapov\u00e1n\u00ed mok\u0159ad\u016f.<\/p>\n

Je zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, \u017ee a\u010dkoli p\u016fvodn\u00ed n\u00e1vrh ECHA navrhoval zak\u00e1zat st\u0159elbu olov\u011bn\u00fdmi broky \u201ev mok\u0159adu nebo na m\u00edst\u011b, kde by vyst\u0159elen\u00e9 broky padaly do mok\u0159adu\u201c, Evropsk\u00e1 komise st\u00e1le tla\u010d\u00ed na fixn\u00ed ochrann\u00e1 p\u00e1sma, i kdy\u017e \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty ve v\u00fdboru REACH projevily s t\u00edmto p\u0159\u00edstupem nespokojenost. N\u00e1vrh Komise je absurdn\u00ed u\u017e t\u00edm, \u017ee umo\u017e\u0148uje st\u0159\u00edlet broky sm\u011brem k mok\u0159adu, pokud od n\u011bj stoj\u00edte d\u00e1le ne\u017e 100 metr\u016f.<\/p>\n

D\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ale je, \u017ee n\u00e1vrh Komise poru\u0161uje evropsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo t\u00edm, \u017ee nespl\u0148uje podm\u00ednku pr\u00e1vn\u00ed jistoty a nen\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u011b konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed pro praktick\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed. Ned\u00e1v\u00e1 nap\u0159\u00edklad lovc\u016fm jasn\u00e1 a p\u0159esn\u00e1 pr\u00e1va a povinnosti, ani nen\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u011b jasn\u00fd, aby umo\u017enil soud\u016fm \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f dohl\u00ed\u017eet na respektov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto pr\u00e1v a dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto povinnost\u00ed. Lze proto o\u010dek\u00e1vat mno\u017estv\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, kdy lovci a policist\u00e9 nebudou v\u011bd\u011bt, zda v konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed situaci do\u0161lo k poru\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1kona nebo ne.<\/p>\n

P\u0159echodn\u00e9 obdob\u00ed<\/h5>\n

Evropsk\u00e1 komise bez jak\u00e9hokoli socioekonomick\u00e9ho zd\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00ed navrhuje podstatn\u011b krat\u0161\u00ed p\u0159echodn\u00e9 obdob\u00ed (24 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f) ne\u017e ECHA (36 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f). P\u0159echodn\u00e9 obdob\u00ed by m\u011blo b\u00fdt nejm\u00e9n\u011b 36 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f, kter\u00e9 navrhuje ECHA, a 60 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f pro st\u00e1ty, kter\u00e1 dosud nemaj\u00ed zavedena \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 omezen\u00ed (Irsko, Slovinsko, Malta, Polsko a Rumunsko).<\/p>\n

Chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdjimka pro policii a arm\u00e1du<\/h5>\n

Je zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed, \u017ee n\u00e1vrh Komise neobsahuje \u017e\u00e1dnou v\u00fdjimku, p\u0159\u00edmou ani nep\u0159\u00edmou, pro pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1boj\u016f s olov\u011bn\u00fdmi broky pro policejn\u00ed a vojensk\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely. Z\u0159ejm\u011b jde o opomenut\u00ed ze strany Komise.<\/p>\n

Roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed dosahu regulace REACH<\/h5>\n

Z pr\u00e1vn\u00edho hlediska je velmi nejist\u00e9, zda na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed REACH, p\u016fvodn\u011b zam\u00fd\u0161len\u00e9 pro \u201epr\u016fmysl\u201c, lze leg\u00e1ln\u011b vzt\u00e1hnout na lovce, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou \u201eu\u017eivateli\u201c. T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem nebylo je\u0161t\u011b \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed REACH aplikov\u00e1no, \u010d\u00edm\u017e by p\u016fsobnost REACH zna\u010dn\u011b p\u0159es\u00e1hla jej\u00ed zam\u00fd\u0161len\u00fd rozsah. L\u00e1tkou podl\u00e9haj\u00edc\u00ed regulaci REACH je nap\u0159\u00edklad tak\u00e9 alkohol; znamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed REACH lze te\u010f roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it v tom smyslu, \u017ee by ob\u010dan\u016fm Evropy zakazovalo po\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed alkoholu?<\/p>\n

Kritika, kter\u00e1 se na n\u00e1vrh Komise snesla od pr\u016fmyslu, lovc\u016f i dal\u0161\u00edch u\u017eivatel\u016f, nem\u00e1 politick\u00e9 d\u016fvody; spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee n\u00e1vrh je z odborn\u00e9ho hlediska nedostate\u010dn\u00fd a z pr\u00e1vn\u00edho hlediska chybn\u00fd. Ani zdaleka nespl\u0148uje principy \u201ezlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed legislativy\u201c. Komise m\u011bla mnoho p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed napravit tento naprosto nedostate\u010dn\u00fd n\u00e1vrh a nejasnosti jeho ustanoven\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Je nutno pouk\u00e1zat na to, \u017ee pokud bude tento n\u00e1vrh p\u0159ijat, dopadne na \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty a zejm\u00e9na na 7 mili\u00f3n\u016f evropsk\u00fdch lovc\u016f v m\u00ed\u0159e, kterou nelze pominout. Sou\u010dasn\u00fd n\u00e1vrh Komise m\u016f\u017ee po\u0161kodit d\u016fv\u011bryhodnost evropsk\u00fdch z\u00e1konod\u00e1rc\u016f, ale tak\u00e9 prohloubit pr\u00e1vn\u00ed nejistotu a nestabilitu pro \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty a evropsk\u00e9 lovce. Evropsk\u00e1 komise by tud\u00ed\u017e m\u011bla p\u0159edlo\u017eit n\u00e1vrh, kter\u00fd je srozumiteln\u00fd a v souladu s pr\u00e1vem.<\/p>\n

Kdo je ESSF<\/h5>\n

Evropsk\u00e9 f\u00f3rum pro st\u0159eleck\u00e9 sporty (ESSF) je neform\u00e1ln\u00ed platforma, kde se na evropsk\u00e9 \u00farovni setk\u00e1vaj\u00ed z\u00e1stupci mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch organizac\u00ed v oboru sportovn\u00ed st\u0159elby, myslivosti, sb\u011bratelstv\u00ed zbran\u00ed, v\u00fdroby a obchodu se zbran\u011bmi za \u00fa\u010delem otev\u0159en\u00e9 diskuse ve v\u011bci spole\u010dn\u00fdch z\u00e1jm\u016f, zejm\u00e9na ekologick\u00fdch, pr\u00e1vn\u00edch, politick\u00fdch a socioekonomick\u00fdch aspekt\u016f t\u011bchto aktivit.<\/p>\n

ESSF se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z Evropsk\u00e9 asociace obchodu s civiln\u00edmi zbran\u011bmi (AECAC), Asociace evropsk\u00fdch v\u00fdrobc\u016f sportovn\u00edho st\u0159eliva (AFEMS), Evropsk\u00e9 rady st\u0159eleck\u00fdch sport\u016f (ESSC), Asociace evropsk\u00fdch v\u00fdrobc\u016f sportovn\u00edch zbran\u00ed (ESFAM), Federace loveck\u00fdch a mysliveck\u00fdch spolk\u016f (FACE), Nadace evropsk\u00fdch sdru\u017een\u00ed sb\u011bratel\u016f zbran\u00ed (FESAC), a Evropsk\u00e9ho institutu pro loveck\u00e9 a sportovn\u00ed zbran\u011b (IEACS).<\/p>\n

Tento sektor v Evrop\u011b zam\u011bstn\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00edce ne\u017e 600 000 lid\u00ed, a jeho obrat je p\u0159i zapo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed produkce sportovn\u00edch a loveck\u00fdch aktivit p\u0159es 40 miliard \u20ac. To zahrnuje celkem 14 000 prodejc\u016f, 300 000 sb\u011bratel\u016f a p\u0159ed 10 mili\u00f3n\u016f lovc\u016f a sportovn\u00edch st\u0159elc\u016f v cel\u00e9 Evrop\u011b.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

p\u0159elo\u017eil:\u00a0David Kar\u00e1sek<\/strong>\u00a0– analytik a \u010dlen p\u0159edstavenstva LEX z.s.<\/em><\/p>\n

Link:\u00a0https:\/\/www.gunlex.cz\/zbrane-a-legislativa\/legislativa\/3724-zakaz-oloveneho-streliva-na-mokradech-v-cem-je-navrh-evropske-komise-tak-problematicky<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u0159iadvacet \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f EU ji\u017e zavedlo z\u00e1kaz pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed olov\u011bn\u00fdch brok\u016f p\u0159i lovu na mok\u0159adech. Posledn\u00edch p\u011bt let prob\u00edhaly legislativn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce na n\u00e1vrhu takov\u00e9ho omezen\u00ed v cel\u00e9 EU.\u00a0Evropsk\u00e1 agentura pro chemick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky (ECHA) p\u0159edlo\u017eila jeho mo\u017enou podobu, ale probl\u00e9my nastaly ve chv\u00edli, kdy Evropsk\u00e1 komise za\u010dala tyto n\u00e1vrhy p\u0159edkl\u00e1dat k projedn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdboru pro registraci, hodnocen\u00ed, povolov\u00e1n\u00ed […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4228","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nezaradene"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/strelnicasnv.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4228","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/strelnicasnv.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/strelnicasnv.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/strelnicasnv.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/strelnicasnv.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4228"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/strelnicasnv.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4228\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4231,"href":"https:\/\/strelnicasnv.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4228\/revisions\/4231"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/strelnicasnv.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4228"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/strelnicasnv.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4228"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/strelnicasnv.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4228"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}